Stuff You Missed In History Class

Joseph Pulitzer is one of those pivotal figures in history, and his influence continues right on through today. Part one of this two-parter covers his early life, right up through his rivalry with William Randolph Hearst. Research: “SUPREME COURT ENDS PANAMA LIBEL SUIT.” New York Times. Jan. 3, 1911. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1911/01/04/104853177.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 Topping, Seymour. “Biography of Joseph Pulitzer.” The Pulitzer Prizes. https://www.pulitzer.org/page/biography-joseph-pulitzer “Was Slayback armed?” St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Oct. 15, 1882. https://www.newspapers.com/image/571093643 United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. “The Story of Panama: Hearings on the Rainey Resolution.” U.S. Government Printing Office, 1912. Accessed online: https://books.google.com/books?id=t8Q-AAAAYAAJ&dq=%E2%80%9CThese+stories+need+no+investigation+whatever.+They+are+in+fact+wholly+and+in+form+partly+a+libel+upon+the+United+States+Government%22&source=gbs_na

This 2019 episode covers the story of vodka, which is closely tied to cultural identity for several countries. Where did it originate, and how did it evolve over time? We'll talk a bit about how vodka is made, where it came from, and how it's expanded to a global market.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tracy and Holly talk about the movie "White Christmas" and how it has aged. They also discuss collectible sheet music and the idea of there being no definitive version of a song recording. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This second part of the story of Irving Berlin’s life picks up after WWI, and covers his family life, his rise to fame, and the controversies that were part of his career. Research: Bergreen, Laurence. “Irving Berlin: This Is the Army.” Prologue. Summer 1996, Vol. 28, No. 2 https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1996/summer/irving-berlin-1 Carlson, Olivia. “What’s White Christmas without Minstrelsy?” Music 345: Race, Identity, and Representation in American Music. Student Blogs and Library Exhibit Companion. https://pages.stolaf.edu/americanmusic/2021/10/25/whats-white-christmas-without-minstrelsy/ CBS Sunday Morning. “American songsmith Irving Berlin.” Via YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DV9uq8z2k5E Greten, Paula Anne. “Irving Berlin.” American History. August 2006. Hamm, Charles. “Irving Berlin -- Songs from the Melting Pot: The Formative Years, 1907-1914.” Oxford University Press. Via New York Times. https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/h/hamm-berlin.html Hamm, Charles.

The immeasurably famous Irving Berlin seems like the perfect example of a U.S. immigrant success story. But reality is complicated and imperfect, and so was Berlin’s music-filled life. Research: Bergreen, Laurence. “Irving Berlin: This Is the Army.” Prologue. Summer 1996, Vol. 28, No. 2 https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1996/summer/irving-berlin-1 Carlson, Olivia. “What’s White Christmas without Minstrelsy?” Music 345: Race, Identity, and Representation in American Music. Student Blogs and Library Exhibit Companion. https://pages.stolaf.edu/americanmusic/2021/10/25/whats-white-christmas-without-minstrelsy/ CBS Sunday Morning. “American songsmith Irving Berlin.” Via YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DV9uq8z2k5E Greten, Paula Anne. “Irving Berlin.” American History. August 2006. Hamm, Charles. “Irving Berlin -- Songs from the Melting Pot: The Formative Years, 1907-1914.” Oxford University Press. Via New York Times. https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/h/hamm-berlin.html H

This 2012 episode from prior hosts covers King Wenceslas. He's known from a Christmas carol, but was a 10th-century Bohemian prince, known for his kindness to children and promotion of Christianity. But he was murdered at only 22.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Holly and Tracy discuss the disruptive French Republican calendar, banana dishes, the Universal Chopper, and other kitchen implements. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This eponymous foods episode only has two foods in it – and they couldn’t be more different! One is a flaming dessert, and one is a meat patty.  Research: Salisbury, James Henry. “The Relation of Alimentation and Diseases.” New York. J.H. Vail and Company. 1888. Accessed online: https://archive.org/details/relationaliment00saligoog/page/n10/mode/2up “Universal Food Chopper.” John Fitzgerald Kenned National Historic Site. https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/universal-food-chopper.htm “Salisbury Steak.” The Windsor Review. April 8, 1886. https://www.newspapers.com/image/335244076/?terms=%22salisbury%20steak%22&match=1 “Salisbury Steak.” Boston Evening Transcript. January 30, 1885. https://www.newspapers.com/image/735176198/?terms=%22salisbury%20steak%22&match=1 Bramen, Lisa. “Salisbury Steak: Civil War Health Food.” Smithsonian. June 22, 2011. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/salisbury-steak-civil-war-health-food-18584973/ McNulty, Ian. “The Brennan Family: A Luscious Legacy.” French Quarter.co

The new year approaches. But what if you had to learn a completely new calendar for the coming year? For about a dozen years starting in the late 19th century, France abandoned the Gregorian calendar for an entirely different one. Research:  Alfred, Randy. “Sept. 22, 1792: Day One of Revolutionary Calendar.” Wired. Sept. 22, 2011. https://www.wired.com/2011/09/0922revolutionary-calendar/ Suplee, Curt. “A Brief History of Time-keeping.” Washington Post. Nov. 16, 1994. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/11/16/a-brief-history-of-time-keeping/1735193f-0c41-4657-af73-16e7b54a9665/ Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Gregorian calendar". Encyclopedia Britannica, 6 Oct. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Gregorian-calendar Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "year". Encyclopedia Britannica, 3 Dec. 2015, https://www.britannica.com/science/year Bickerman, E.J. , Ziadeh, Nicola Abdo , Buitenen, J.A.B. van , Proskouriakoff, Tatiana , Schmidt, John D. , Wiesenberg, E.J. , Lin, Chao and

This 2017 episode covers the Wright Brothers, yes, but also other contenders to the title of "first in flight," and each has their own compelling story and list of achievements.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tracy and Holly talk about the artwork of Zinaida Serebriakova and the personal style of Ella Williams. They then discuss the ruthless business practices of John Jacob Astor and his son William. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

John Jacob Astor came to the U.S. from Germany not long after the colonies gained their independence as a nation. He made his first fortune in the fur trade, and then diversified his income and built a legendary fortune. Research: Irving, Washington. “Astoria, Or, Anecdotes of an Enterprise Beyond the Rocky Mountains.” G.P. Putnams Sons. 1861. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Astoria/DAzBRmfcZloC?hl=en&gbpv=0 “ROMANCE OF THE HISTORIC EDEN FARM OWNED BY ASTOR FAMILY SINCE 1803.” New York Times. Feb. 29, 1920. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1920/02/29/118265256.html?pageNumber=80 Shachtman, Tom. “The Founding Fortunes: How the Wealthy Paid for and Profited from America's Revolution.” St. Martin's Press. 2020. “John Jay’s Treaty, 1794–95.” U.S. Department of State. Office of the Historian. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1784-1800/jay-treaty Youngman, Anna. “The Fortune of John Jacob Astor.” Journal of Political Economy, vol. 16, no. 6, 1908, pp. 345–68. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/s

Today’s six impossible episode subjects are all by listener request! Topics include the Iron Mountain baby, Leslie’s Retreat, Lady Hao, Ella Williams, and more. And these are examples of how short tales can sometimes have intense details. Research: “Tale of The Iron Mountain Baby.” Reprinted from the St. Louis Iron Mountain & Southern Railway ALL ABOARD Vol.16. https://washington.mogenweb.org/imbaby.html Dotson, Avery M. Pennsboro News, Pennsboro, West Virginia, August 21, 1980. https://washington.mogenweb.org/imbaby.html Nickell, Frank. “Almost Yesterday: The Iron Mountain Baby.” KRCU. 4/6/2021. https://www.krcu.org/2021-04-06/almost-yesterday-the-iron-mountain-baby Max Hunter Folk Song Collection. “Iron Mountain Baby.” Cat. #1483 (MFH #296) - As sung by Laura Arthur, Springfield, Missouri on November 2, 1972. Missouri State. https://maxhunter.missouristate.edu/songinformation.aspx?ID=1483 Historic Ipswich. “Leslie’s Retreat, or how the Revolutionary War almost began in Salem, February 26, 1775.” 2/13/

In this 2011 episode, previous hosts Sarah and Deblina recount some of history's most famous fires, Including the Peshtigo Fire, the Great Fire of London, the Great Fire of Meireki, and the Great San Francisco Earthquake and Fire.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tracy and Holly discuss food safety in their own lives, and particularly their comfort levels with various risks. They also discuss the different pronunciations of the name Louis, and Wain's progression as an artist. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Louis Wain’s cat-centric art was extremely popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and some of his later work became an inspiration for the psychedelic movement of the 1960s. Research: Beetles, Chris. “Louis Wain’s Cats.” Chris Beetles and Canongate Books. 2011, 2021. Benge-Abbott, Bryony. “Louis Wain’s Cryptic Cats.” Wellcome Collection. 5/19/2020. https://wellcomecollection.org/articles/Xrqh1BAAACMAhHcl Bethlem Museum of the Mind. “Louis Wain (1860-1939).” https://museumofthemind.org.uk/collections/gallery/artists/louis-william-wain Brill, Marta Wiktoria. “Louis Wain and His Weird Cats.” Daily Art Magazine. 8/8/2022. https://www.dailyartmagazine.com/louis-wain-cats/ Dale, Rodney. “Louis Wain: The Man Who Drew Cats.” Michael O’Mara Books Limited. 1968, 1991. Damiani, Stefano. “The Cats of Louis Wain: A Thousand Ways to Draw One’s Mind.” American Journal of Psychiatry 175:4, April 2018. Henry Boxer Gallery. “Louis Wain.” https://www.outsiderart.co.uk/artists/louis-wain Hibbard, Ruth. “‘Paw-some’ c

The development of a systematic approach to food safety didn’t happen until the 20th century. And it's tied directly to NASA trying to make sure astronauts didn’t get food poisoning in space. Research: Cronk, Theodore C. “The Historic Evolution of HACCP: Better Questions, Safer Foods.” Food and Drug Law Journal , 1994, Vol. 49, No. 3 (1994). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26659230 DiCicco, Mike. “How the Moon Landing Led to Safer Food for Everyone.” NASA Spinoff. 11/23/2020. https://spinoff.nasa.gov/moon-landing-food-safety Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Health Organization. “Understanding Codex.” Rome. 2018. https://www.fao.org/3/CA1176EN/ca1176en.pdf Fortin, Neal D. “The Hang-Up With HACCP: The Resistance to Translating Science Into Food Safety Law.” Food and Drug Law Journal , 2003, Vol. 58, No. 4 (2003). https://www.jstor.org/stable/26660309 Hulebak,, Karen L. and Wayne Schlosser. “HACCP History and Conceptual Overview.” U.S. Department of Agriculture Institute

This early 2017 episode covers Ed Roberts, a disability rights activist known as the father of the Independent Living movement.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tracy and Holly talk about Charles Drew’s marriage and the impact of the early HIV/AIDS crisis on blood donation. They also discuss all the aspects of the Chatterley story that didn’t make it into the episode.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Thirty years after D.H. Lawrence died, his book "Lady Chatterley's Lover," which had been banned for decades in many countries, was central to a trial in Great Britain over whether the novel was obscenity or whether it had literary merit. Research: Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Obscene Publications Act". Encyclopedia Britannica, 17 Apr. 2017, https://www.britannica.com/event/Obscene-Publications-Act Delavenay, Emile. “A SHRINE WITHOUT RELICS?” The D.H. Lawrence Review, vol. 16, no. 2, 1983, pp. 111–31. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44233723. Rothman, Lily. “How a Book Reminded the World That Sex Sells.” Time. Nov. 2, 2015. https://time.com/4087851/lady-chatterleys-lover-1960/ Temple, Emily. “Why exactly is this book obscene? (Skip to the Dirty Bits.)” Literary Hub. Nov. 22, 2017. https://lithub.com/why-exactly-is-this-book-obscene-skip-to-the-dirty-bits/ com Editors. “D.H. Lawrence Biography.” https://www.biography.com/writer/dh-lawrence Booth, Howard J. “D. H. Lawrence and Male Homosexual