Analysen Und Diskussionen Über China

China is an important source of cyberattacks on Europe and institutional changes have created a more flexible and sophisticated state-affiliated Chinese hacking scene. What differentiates Chinese hacking from that of other actors? What are its goals? And how can we deal with it?Antonia Hmaidi, Analyst at MERICS with a focus on China’s internet infrastructure and its disinformation and hacking campaigns, is joining Johannes Heller-John to answer these questions. Antonia is the author of a recent study called “Here to stay” – Chinese state-affiliated hacking for strategic goals”.

European countries have become more aligned on how to deal with China in the past years, but national approaches towards the country still vary. In this episode, we zoom in on Austria, Denmark, and Ireland and how their relationships with China have evolved, how they work with Brussels on China issues, and what is in store for the near future.Johannes Heller-John is joined by Alexander Davey, analyst at MERICS, Lucas Erlbacher, research associate with the Austrian Institute for European and Security Studies, and Andreas Forsby, senior researcher with the Danish Institute for International Studies. They contributed the country chapters for Ireland, Austria, and Denmark, respectively, in the most recent report of the European Thinktank Network on China (ETNC).

In July 2023, Spain took over the presidency of the council of the European Union, the first transfer of this position since the introduction of de-risking into the bloc’s relationship with China. Johannes Heller-John talks with Mario Esteban, full professor at the Centre for East Asian Studies of the Autonomous University of Madrid and Senior Analyst at the Elcano Royal Institute, about the Spanish-China relationship, the role of China during Spain’s Council Presidency and the Agenda of the upcoming EU-China Summit. Together with his colleague Hugo Armanini, Mario wrote the chapter on Spain in this year’s report by the European Think-tank Network on China (ETNC).

The EU-China Summit on December 7-8 in Beijing will see EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and European Council President Charles Michel meet Chinese President Xi Jinping, while Premier Li Qiang is expected to chair. It is the first summit in this format held in person in four years. It takes place in a difficult geopolitical environment where China’s relations with the EU as well as the US are marred by thorny issues like the Russian invasion of Ukraine, tensions over Taiwan, and disagreements about market access.What issues are likely to be on the agenda? What outcomes can we expect? And what is on the table in EU-China relations in 2024? To discuss these questions, Claudia Wessling is joined by Abigaël Vasselier, Director Policy & European Affairs and Head of Program of the MERICS research team on China’s Foreign Relations. In her previous position, Abigaël worked as Deputy Head of Division for China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Mongolia at the European External Action Service (EEAS). This p

How have Chinese attempts to shape the public opinion in Europe evolved? How does it differ from Russian disinformation? And how does the EU try to counter it? In this episode of the MERICS China Podcast, Johannes Heller-John talks to Ivana Karásková and Grzegorz Stec. Ivana is a European China Policy Fellow at MERICS and the founder of projects MapInfluenCE and China Observers in Central and Eastern Europe (CHOICE) at Association for International Affairs (AMO) in Prague. She is also a Special Advisor to Vice-President of the European Commission Věra Jourová, for the preparation of the Defense of Democracy package. Grzegorz Stec is Analyst in the Brussels Bureau of MERICS.Together with Katja Drinhausen and Mareike Ohlberg, they are the authors of the recent MERICS Report “Image control: How China struggles for discourse power”. This podcast episode, as well as the above-mentioned study, are part of a research project funded by the German Foreign Office.Further reading mentioned in the episode: Foreign Electo

In this episode of the MERICS China Podcast, Jörg Wuttke talks about negotiations in China. Wuttke has more than 25 years of experience as Chief Representative of the German chemicals company BASF in Beijing. In conversation with MERICS Director Communications and Publications Claudia Wessling, the former President of the European Chamber of Commerce in China shares intriguing stories about learning Sun Tzu’s “The Art of War” in negotiations stretching over nearly 200 rounds. He also explains why sometimes enduring silence might be the best approach. And he reveals who he thinks was the most authentic politician to negotiate with Beijing.If this whets your appetite, make sure to read the comment pieces on the topic of negotiations by our former Senior Fellow and former Indian top diplomat Vijay Ghokale and by our Senior Associate Fellow Charles Parton:Why negotiating with China feels different, by Vijay GohkaleNegotiating with China – some practical considerations, by Charles Parton

Vor einem Jahr wurde Staats- und Parteichef Xi Jinping kurz nach dem 20. Parteitag der KPC im ersten Plenum des Zentralkomitees für eine dritte Amtszeit bestätigt. In diesem Jahr steht das alle fünf Jahre stattfindende dritte Plenum an, auf dem in der Vergangenheit oft richtungsweisende Reformentscheidungen beschlossen wurden.Das Treffen wurde für Oktober oder November erwartet, doch bisher ist nichts darüber bekannt. In Online-Debatten diskutieren die Menschen in China über mögliche Gründe und fordern Reformen. Über die Lage der Kommunistische Partei und vor allem Xi Jinpings vor dem dritten Plenum sowie über Herausforderungen und mögliche Reformen spricht Johannes Heller-John mit MERICS Senior Associate Fellow Johnny Erling. Erling lebte mehrere Jahrzehnte in China und war von 1997 bis 2019 Korrespondent in Beijing für die deutsche Zeitung "Die Welt" und den österreichischen "Der Standard".

The year 2023 marks the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by the Chinese government in 2013. By now, the BRI is more than just ports and rail lines and its projects covers a variety of sectors like energy, telecommunications, digital, health, education, and culture. How has the BRI changed in the last decade? What mark has it left abroad and at home? And how do initiatives from the EU and the US fare in comparison? Clark Banach, Futures Fellow at MERICS and Program Director at the Alethia Research Institution, and Jacob Gunter, Lead Analyst at MERICS, join Johannes Heller-John to answer these questions.

After a decade in power, party and state leader Xi Jinping has fundamentally reshaped China’s political economy in pursuit of the Chinese Communist Party’s long-term goal: to return to a strong and prosperous China at the heart of the global economy. As the CCP approaches the 2023 Third Plenum, an event which will give important indications on the future of China’s economy, Christine Krüger is talking to Bert Hofman, Director of the East Asian Institute at the National University of Singapore, and Senior Associate Fellow at MERICS, and Jacob Gunter, Lead Analyst in the Economy program at MERICS.Jacob is also the co-author with MERICS Chief Economist Max J. Zenglein of a new MERICS Report titled “The party knows best: aligning economic actors with China’s strategic goals” that analyzes the meaning of the fundamental shifts in China’s economic governance that are currently unfolding.

Wie versucht Beijing das Chinabild in Deutschland und Europa zu prägen? Was unternimmt die chinesische Regierung, um Kritik zu unterbinden? Und wo hört legitime Eigenwerbung auf und fängt Propaganda an? Zu diesen und anderen Fragen spricht Johannes Heller-John mit Katja Drinhausen, Leiterin des Programms Politik und Gesellschaft am MERICS, und Mareike Ohlberg, Senior Fellow im Indopazifik Programm des German Marshall Funds. Sie geben Einblicke in die Formen chinesischer Einflussnahme in Deutschland und einen möglichen Umgang damit.Zusammen mit MERICS Analyst Grzegorz Stec und European China Policy Fellow Ivana Karásková sind sie Mitautorinnen einer neuen Studie zu chinesischer Einflussnahme mit dem Titel Studie „Image control: How China struggles for discourse power“. Diese Podcastfolge wie auch die MERICS-Studie sind Teil eines vom Auswärtigen Amt geförderten Forschungsprojekts.

China’s efforts to advance national innovation face difficulties in times of decoupling and de-risking. Together with Tai Ming Cheung, Director of the University of California Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation and Professor at the School of Global Policy and Strategy at University of California, San Diego, and Jeroen Groenewegen-Lau, Head of the Science, Technology and Innovation Program at MERICS, Johannes Heller-John discusses China’s national innovation system, the threat of the militarization of science and technology, the role of science diplomacy and the importance of more clarity with regards to what does and what does not fall under national security.The conversation was recorded during the conference on Chinese National Innovation and Techno-Industrial Eco-Systems, which was held on September 5 and 6, 2023 at MERICS in Berlin. 

The share of electric vehicles (EVs) in Europe that are imported from China could reach 15 percent in 2025, up from six percent in 2022, projected the European Commission in an announcement on September 13, where it also launched an investigation into whether Chinese EV-imports are benefiting from unfair state subsidies and should be imposed with tariffs. Ilaria Mazzocco, Senior Fellow with the Trustee Chair in Chinese Business and Economics at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), and Gregor Sebastian, Analyst at MERICS, talk to Johannes Heller-John about how Chinese EV-manufacturers have become so important, current trends in the country’s EV industry, and implications for European governments and manufacturers. They are the co-authors of a new CSIS report called “Electric shock: Interpreting China’s electric vehicle export boom”.

The different interpretations of de-risking, the need for cooperation and the next steps on the EU agenda on economic security are the topics of the final part of our series on de-risking. Johannes Heller-John is joined by Francesca Ghiretti, an Analyst at MERICS focusing on EU-China relations and economic security. Francesca hosted the previous episodes with Emily Benson, Director at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, on the US and de-risking, and with Kazuto Suzuki, Director of the Institute of Geo-economics in Tokyo, on Japan and de-risking. This podcast series was recorded at the sidelines of the Advancing Economic Security Forum in Berlin in July 2023.

Tokyo’s approach to de-risking, the role of Japan’s Minister for Economic Security and the specific challenges of and the need for multilateral cooperation in economic security issues are the topics in this episode of the MERICS China Podcast. MERICS Analyst Francesca Ghiretti talked to Kazuto Suzuki, Director of the Institute of Geoeconomics and professor at University of Tokyo, on the sidelines of the Advancing Economic Security Forum  in July 2023.This is the second episode of our short series on de-risking. You can listen to the first episode on the US and de-risking featuring Emily Benson (CSIS) here. 

In July 2023, MERICS hosted the Advancing Economic Security Forum, previously known as the Allied Economic Forum. The discussions on what goods and investments should flow freely and which should be put under more scrutiny, on what constitutes military or civilian uses of goods and services and on how the global economic landscape is changing, are part of an ongoing and expanding field concerned with economic security. Due to its global power and influence, China is a major factor in the discussions between the US and its allies and partners around the world.In this first episode of our short series on de-risking, MERICS Analyst Francesca Ghiretti talks to Emily Benson, Director of the Project on Trade and Technology at CSIS, about the US’ understanding of de-risking, export controls and the importance of Europe for the US in the area of economic security. The interview was recorded at the sidelines of the Advancing Economic Security Forum.

International sanctions have become a common tool in the relationship between the US, the EU, and China in the last decade. If we add the sanctions on Russia in connection with its full-scale invasion of Ukraine into the mix and the question of Chinese adherence or circumvention of them, it seems high time that we devote some time to talking about Chinese thinking on this tool of international coercion. In this episode of the MERICS China Podcast, we talk to MERICS Analyst Francesca Ghiretti, who has recently written a report on the evolution of China’s sanction regime, and IISS Senior Fellow Maria Shagina, who among other topics focusses her research on the issues of Russia and international sanctions. Questions by Johannes Heller-John.Recommended reading:How China imposes sanctions – A guide to the evolution of Beijing’s new policy tool, MERICS Report by Francesca GhirettiThe imperative to build and sustain sanctioning coalitions. IISS Analysis by Maria ShaginaRussia faces the slow burn of economic sanction

China has extended its High-Speed Rail network from about 9.000 to 42.000 km of tracks with a fleet of Chinese made trains running on it. The first fully domestically engineered passenger aircraft C919 has started its commercial service and on June 6, the first domestically built large cruise ship has left Shanghai for sea trials. China is undoubtedly making rapid progress in air, sea and rail transportation.What are China’s aims and what challenges does it face on the way? And what does this mean for European industries? To answer these questions, Alexander Brown and Gregor Sebastian, analysts at the economic team at MERICS, join Johannes Heller-John for a conversation. This podcast episode is part of the “Dealing with a Resurgent China” (DWARC) project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 101061700.Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the Euro

Dealing with China is becoming increasingly difficult for German and European politics and business. In this episode MERICS Director Communications and Publications Claudia Wessling talks to MERICS Director External Relations Bernhard Bartsch and lead author of a new study titled “Shaky China – Five scenarios for Xi Jinping’s third term” which looks at five different pathways for how China could develop in the next five years. They discuss the aim of the study, the main scenarios used for the paper and the value of scenario exercises, especially in the case of China.

Im Dezember 2022 beendete die chinesische Regierung jäh ihre Null-Covid Politik. Wie hat sich der Raum für öffentliche Debatten im letzten Jahr verändert? Wie werden Chinas Ambitionen und Herausforderungen diskutiert? Und warum sollten wir Debatten in China genauer erforschen? Antworten dazu liefern die Projektleiterinnen von China Spektrum: Kristin Shi-Kupfer, Professorin für Sinologie an der Universität Trier mit Schwerpunkt Digitales China, und Katja Drinhausen, Leiterin des Programms Innenpolitik und Gesellschaft am MERICS. Das Interview führte Johannes Heller-John.

In this episode of the MERICS China Podcast, former MERICS German Chancellor fellow Michael Laha talks to Prof. Taylor Fravel, Arthur and Ruth Sloan Professor in Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), about the recently published MIT China Strategy. The document puts forth a set of guidelines for one of the world’s most important research university’s engagement with China.