Buddhist Chanting

The ten parami, or perfections, are qualities that a Bodhisattva cultivates to a supreme level in order to become a Buddha, an awakened one. All spiritual practitioners cultivate these qualities to some degree. The ten are (in Pali and English): Dana (generosity), sila (virtue), nekkhama (renunciation), panya (wisdom), viriya (energy/effort), khanti (patient endurance), sacca (truthfulness), adhitthana (determination), metta (lovingkindness), and upekkha (equanimity).