Wofford Arboretum Central Campus

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 20 – 30 with a maximum of 40 Spread: 2/3 height Habit: Distinctly upright, slightly spreading with large, coarse, thick stems Light: Full sun Soil: Any well-drained soil is suitable Flowers: yellow, clustered into groupings 12 – 24 high, 8 – 18 wide Fruit: 3-valved, pink to rose capsules; 1 – 2 long Landscape use: Excellent as a small lawn tree, patio shade tree, or street tree; good specimen tree where space is limited History: Native range is China; introduced in 1888 Pests\Problems: None particularly serious although coral-spot fungus, leaf spot, canker, wilt and root rot can occur Significant Features: Beautiful, late-blooming, yellow flowers

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 20 – 30 with a maximum of 40 Spread: equal to or greater than height Habit: Semi-round top with horizontal branching; dense to fairly open; single or multi-trunked Light: Best in partial shade Soil: Well-drained, moderately fertile soil preferable Flowers: true flowers are inconspicuous surrounded by white to pink floral bracts 1 1/2 – 2 long Fruit: 1/3 long, glossy red drupe; 3 or more in a cluster Landscape use: Excellent for specimen planting near a patio or corners of houses; also good around other large buildings, in parks, or groupings History: Native range is Massachusetts to Florida, west to Ontario, Texas, and Mexico; cultivated in 1731 Pests\Problems: Pests: dogwood borer; Problems: anthracnose Significant Features: Interesting horizontal branch structure; four-season character; develops thinner and more graceful habit in part shade rather than full sun

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 2 – 9 Height: 40 – 50 Spread: 8 – 20; Size is extremely variable Habit: In youth: densely pyramidal; At maturity: variable in wild from almost columnar to broadly pyramidal; slightly pendulous in old age Light: Best in full sun, tolerates shade only in extreme youth Soil: Deep, moist, well-drained loam preferable; tolerant of adverse soil conditions, poor gravelly soils, acidic and basic soils Flowers: greenish-yellow cones Fruit: globular or ovoid, 1/5 long cones Landscape use: Excellent specimen and mass if used with care in color combinations; useful for windbreaks, hedges and topiary work History: Native range is east and central North America, east of Rocky Mountains; introduced before 1664 Pests\Problems: Pests: bagworms; Problems: cider apple rust Significant Features: Principle value of species is the rich smelling wood which is used for chests, closets, etc.

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: 30 – 75 Spread: 10 – 30 Habit: Pyramidal with slightly pendulous branches Light: Best in partial shade Soil: Moist, acidic, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: ovoid grouped cones, 1 1/2 diameter Landscape use: May be used as a specimen and mass planting tree in warm areas History: Natural range is central and southern China; introduced in 1804 Pests\Problems: None serious Significant Features: Appearance is somewhat exotic

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 50 – 60 with a maximum of 100 Spread: 20 – 30 Habit: Pyramidal or conical with a stout trunk and erect wide-spreading branches Light: Best in full sun Soil: Rich, deep, lightly permeable, acidic, moist soil preferable Flowers: anthers in inconspicuous axillary clusters Fruit: 1/2 – 1 , dark brown terminal cones Landscape use: Graceful and stately specimen tree; useful for avenues History: Native range is China and Japan; introduced in 1861 Pests\Problems: Problems: leaf blight, leaf spot, branch dieback Significant Features: Fast growth rate; shedding, cedar-like bark

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 20 – 30 Spread: Equal to height Habit: In youth: vase-shaped; At maturity: rounded appearance with distinct horizontal branching pattern Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Well-drained moderately fertile soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous, surrounded by large pointed, white bracts 1 1/2 to 2 long Fruit: pinkish-red, raspberry-like fruit, 1/2 – 1 diameter Landscape use: Useful as specimen tree or accent in background; excellent border or hedge for large areas, attractive against large evergreens History: Native range is Massachusetts to Florida, west to Ontario, Texas, and Mexico; cultivated in 1731 Pests\Problems: None serious Significant Features: Interesting horizontal branch structure; blooms after leaves appear; develops exfoliating bark characteristics with age

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 3 – 9 Height: 50 – 70 with maximum of 100 – 120 Spread: 40 – 60 Habit: Upright oval shape with a short trunk and wide-spreading crown; slow growth rate Light: Best in full sun to partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, acidic soil preferable, does not withstand wet or compacted soil Flowers: inconspicuous, in April to early May Fruit: edible three-winged nut with prickly shell Landscape use: Beautiful native tree restricted to large area use; excellent for background and framing, well-suited for parks, golf courses, and other public areas where strong, long-lived trees are needed History: Native range is New Brunswick to Ontario, south to Florida and Texas; introduced 1800 Pests\Problems: Pests: bark aphid, wood borer, beech scale Problems: powdery mildew, leaf spots, bleeding cankers (none very serious) Significant Features: Provides winter interest with light brown leaves persisting until new growth in spring; edible fruit, shallow root system

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 40 – 45 Spread: 20 – 25 Habit: Pyramidal to broad pyramidal in outline Light: Full Sun Soil: Very adaptable to different soils Flowers: white; 3/8 – 3/4 across; borne in clusters; spring flowering period Fruit: small, round, 1/2 across; not ornamental Landscape use: Good lawn tree; good color impact in spring; has been used for mass plantings History: Selected in 1969 by William T. Straw, Carlisle Nursery, Independence, KY Pests\Problems: susceptible to fireblight Significant Features: Tolerates dryness; white spring flowers; fast growth rate

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 8 Height: possibly 20 Spread: 10 Habit: Large, dense, shrub-like form lacking central leader Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Rich, porous, acidic and well-drained soil Flowers: creamy white, wonderfully fragrant, 3 – 4 in diameter; flowers continually throughout summer; Fruit: cone-like with exposed red seeds Landscape use: Makes a good medium sized screen or hedge plant, one of the best for smaller properties History: Introduced by Monrovia Nurseries; selected by Warren Steed Nursery, Candor, NC Pests\Problems: Essentially problem-free Significant Features: Small, lustrous, dark green leaves with bronzy-brown undersides and small, fragrant flowers; long flowering period

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 6 – 9 Height: 25 – 30 Spread: Habit: Loosely pyramidal Light: Full sun to partial shade Soil: Moist, well-drained soil Flowers: cream to white Fruit: large, fluorescent red berries Landscape use: Good for barriers or as a specimen holly; not recommended for small spaces History: Represents one of a group of interspecific hybrids; selected clones known as Foster #1 – 5 made by E.E. Foster of Bessemer, AL Pests\Problems: Pests: scale; Problems: requires more nitrogen than other hollies due to heavy fruiting; leaf spot, canker, dieback Significant Features: Heavy production of red berries; light green foliage which may yellow during berry production

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 4 – 9 Height: Parent tree is presently 75 tall Spread: 18 across Habit: Narrow pyramidal Light: Best in sunny locations Soil: Best growth in deep, fine, sandy loams with plenty of moisture and moderately good drainage; acid soil preferable Flowers: Cones: male cone spherical in 4 – 5 long panicles; has pistillate cones in March – April Fruit: short, stalked cones about 1 in diameter, green to purple when young and brown at maturity Landscape use: Excellent street tree and single specimen possibilities History: Native range is Delaware to Florida, west to southern Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas and Louisiana; introduced 1640 Pests\Problems: Pests: twig blight, cypress moth, spider mites, gall forming mites; Problems: wood decay Significant Features: Attractive reddish brown, fibrous bark; strongly buttressed trunk in wet areas; “cypress knees” only occur when grown in fluctuating water

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 15 – 20 Spread: equal to or greater than height Habit: Small, round-headed tree Light: Part shade Soil: Well-drained, moist soil with high organic matter Flowers: small, red to purple; May to June Fruit: 1/2 to 3/4 inch long red, winged fruit Landscape use: Beautiful tree for small gardens and terraces, gives an artistic touch to small landscape areas; many varieties useful as specimens or accent plants in borders and rock gardens History: Native range of Japanese Maple is Japan, China, and Korea; introduced to England in 1820; long cultivated by the Japanese Pests\Problems: Very few; botrytis in high humidity Significant Features: Best for deep reddish purple leaf color retention; excellent red fall color and beautiful red fruits; slow growth rate

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 - 9 Height: 23 to 33 Spread: about 20 Habit: Upright, multi-stemmed, small tree Light: Best in full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: 6-petaled (crinkled), in pure white clusters, 6 – 12 long by 4 – 7 1/2 wide (July – September) Fruit: 6 valved capsule, 1/2 wide persisting through winter Landscape use: Handsome specimen shrub or tree; may be used in groups and underplanted with ground covers to accent bark; may also be used for hedges, screens, and masses History: Native range is China and Korea; introduced in 1747 Pests\Problems: Pests: aphid, Florida wax scale; Problems: black spot, sooty mold, tip blight, leaf spot, root rot Significant Features: Dark green foliage turning orange to russet in autumn; chestnut brown, exfoliating cinnamon brown bark; mildew resistant

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: about 16 Spread: about 8 1/2 Habit: Upright, multi-stemmed, small tree Light: Best in full sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil preferable Flowers: 6-petaled (crinkled), dark pink clusters, 5­1/2 – 9 1/2 long by 4 – 9 1/2 wide (July – September) Fruit: 6 valved capsule, 1/2 wide persisting through winter Landscape use: Handsome specimen shrub or tree; may be used in groups and underplanted with ground covers to accent bark; may also be used for hedges, screens, and masses History: Native range is China and Korea; introduced in 1747 Pests\Problems: Pests: aphid, Florida wax scale; Problems: black spot, sooty mold, tip blight, leaf spot, root rot Significant Features: Dark green foliage turning orange to russet in autumn; chestnut brown, exfoliating cinnamon brown bark; mildew resistant

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7-9 Height: about 16 Spread: about 8 1/2 Habit: Strongly upright form resembling 'Hasse' magnolia in outline Light: Best is sun or partial shade Soil: Rich, porous, acidic and well-drained soil Flowers: creamy white, beautifully fragrant, 8 – 12 in diameter, flowering period is from May to June Fruit: cone-like with exposed red seeds Landscape use: Excellent screen or lawn tree History: Seedling of ‘Hasse’; parent tree is 21 in height by 8 wide; introduced by Tree Introductions, Inc., Athens, GA Pests\Problems: Essentially problem free Significant Features: Low-lying branches; flower size and fragrance; lustrous, dark green, lanceolate leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 8 Height: 20 – 25 Spread: 18 – 22 Habit: Upright with numerous small, twig-like stems Light: Part shade Soil: Well-drained, moist soil with high organic matter Flowers: small red-tinged to purple; May to June Fruit: 1/2 to 3/4 inch long red winged fruit Landscape use: Beautiful tree for small gardens and terraces, gives an artistic touch to small landscape areas History: Common cultivar; Japanese maple’s native range is Japan, China, and Korea; introduced to England in 1820; long cultivated by the Japanese Pests\Problems: few; botrytis in high humidity Significant Features: Brilliant coral fall and winter color of young stems; color is lost as branches mature; new leaves are reddish tinged, become light green in summer and yellow-gold with red overtones in fall

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: 6 – 10 with a maximum of 30 Spread: same as height Habit: Irregularly rounded evergreen shrub; upright vase shape in maturity Light: Full sun to shade Soil: Moist, well-drained, acidic soil high in organic matter Flowers: fragrant, cream to white 4-petaled flowers in groups of 3 – 6 Fruit: woody, ovoid, nut-like capsule Landscape use: Excellent for borders, screens, foundations; good as specimen tree or in groupings History: Native range is China and Japan; introduced in 1880 Pests\Problems: None serious Significant Features: Fragrant flowers; lustrous, dark green leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 8 Height: around 50 Spread: around 30 Habit: Pyramidal Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Well-drained, somewhat dry, moderately fertile soil Flowers: Cones: male – finger shaped cones very densely set, more numerous on lower portion of tree; female – stout, erect cones initially purple in color and found in upper portion of tree Fruit: seeds in 4 long upright cones found on upper side of branches, green while developing, finally brown Landscape use: Excellent specimen evergreen because of graceful and pendulous habit; use as specimen tree or screen in large scale areas History: Native range of deodar cedar is the Himalayan Mountains from east Afghanistan to Garwhal; introduced in 1831 Pests\Problems: Pests: borers; Problems: top dieback due to canker and/or cold Significant Features: Rapid growth rate; lower limbs may touch ground; striking bluish-green color captures attention

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 7 – 9 Height: 20 Spread: 3/4 height Habit: Broad, densely pyramidal to oval Light: Best in full to partial sun Soil: Moist, well-drained soil Flowers: small, creamy-yellow Fruit: green berry-like drupes turning red in winter Landscape use: Good for barriers or as a specimen holly; not recommended for small spaces History: Introduced by Mr. Don Shadow, Winchester, TN Pests\Problems: Pests: scale; Problems: requires more nitrogen than other hollies due to heavy fruiting, leaf spots, cankers, die backs Significant Features: Beautiful red berry-like drupes in winter; prickly leaves

Tree Details Hardiness zone: 5 – 9 Height: 60 – 100 Spread: 50 – 75 Habit: Upright and semi-conical Light: Best in sun or partial shade Soil: Deep, moist, slightly acidic soil preferable Flowers: inconspicuous Fruit: 1 diameter, round and prickly Landscape use: Excellent lawn, park, or street tree but needs larger area for root development; most useful for shade, framing, or background in large areas History: Native range is Connecticut, south to New York to Florida, southern Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, to Texas and Mexico; introduced 1681 Pests\Problems: Pests: sweetgum webworm, caterpillars, cottony-cushion scale, sweetgum scale, walnut scale; Problems: leaf spot, iron chlorosis in high pH soils Significant Features: Attractive all year; fruit causes troublesome litter in fall and winter; twigs frequently winged with cork