Introductions Necessary

The first African American to earn a degree in marine science from Texas A&M, Dr. Ashanti Johnson has loved the ocean since and early age. Continuing her studies at Texas A&M University she became the first and only to date African American to earn a doctorate in chemical oceanography. Image: Wikimedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

As a professor of Biomedical Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Dr. Molly Stevens is also the Research Director for Biomedical Material Sciences in the Institute of Biomedical Engineering at Imperial College. Image: James Duncan Davidson (CC BY-NC 2.0). Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

The first woman to earn a degree from the New York College of Pharmacy, Dr. Mary Putnam Jacobi would go on to change the lives of women both as a doctor and educator. Image: Wikimedia. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Sylvia Earle, dubbed, “Her Deepness” by The New Yorker, has experience as a field research scientist, government official, and director for corporate and nonprofit organizations. But all her work has led her to focus on preserving the world’s oceans. Image: NOAA. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

To continue her efforts in making the world a safer place Dr. Rita Colwell founded CosmosID, a genomic big data company that is focused on the rapid identification of microorganisms for infectious disease diagnostics, food safety inspections, pharmaceutical discovery, public health surveillance, and microbiome analysis for health and wellness. Image: The National Science Foundation. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Dr. Alyson McGregor examines how sex and gender differences impact emergency medical care and the overall health of women and she works on communicating these differences to medical professionals and the public. Image Via LinkedIn. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Dr. Flossie Wong-Staal was the first scientist to clone HIV, helping lead to blood tests and better treatments for the virus. She says that her main motivation “is simply the satisfaction of making discoveries, finding things out that no one knew before.” Image: National Cancer Institute. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha was one of the key individuals to expose lead poisoning in Flint, Michigan and bring attention to the contamination in the water supply. Image: Wikimedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

In 1843, photographer and botanist Anna Atkins became the first person to publish a book illustrated with photographs. Image: Wikipedia. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Dr. Chung-Pei Ma has helped discover two of the largest black holes found to date and is also a classical violinist that played with the Youth Symphony in Taiwan at age 8 and still enjoys playing as a hobby. Image Courtesy of UC Berkeley. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Dr. Antonia Novello was appointed Surgeon General of the United States in 1990, becoming the first woman and first Hispanic to serve in that role. Image: Wikimedia. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

A food scientist with a positive worldwide public health impact, Dr. Virginia Holsinger‘s work on food security issues and dairy product research impacted many lives throughout her 41 year career at the United States Department of Agriculture. Image: USDA. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

The recipient of the 2008 Turing Award, Dr. Barbara Liskov is an Institute Professor and member of the Programming Methodology group at MIT. Image: Kenneth C. Zirkel (CC BY-SA 3.0). Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Isabel Morgan's work was a critical step in the journey toward a killed-virus polio vaccine. Image: Wikimedia. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Today we want to tell you about aviator turned conservationist Ila Fox Loetscher. Image Courtesy of Sea Turtle Inc. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Margaret Reed Lewis earned her bachelor’s degree in biology from Goucher College in 1901 and spent the next few years studying for a graduate degree. She never quite achieved that goal but made great strides in our understanding of cells and tissues during her lifetime. Image: Smithsonian Institution Archives. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Dr. Erna Hoover has been quoted as saying that, “when I was hired the glass ceiling was somewhere between the basement and the sub-basement.” But that didn’t stop her from developing a program that would change the way telephone systems operated and being awarded one of the first patents for computer software. Image Courtesy of the National Inventors Hall of Fame. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

An advocate for women in STEM fields, Natalie Panek is a program advisor and mentor for Cybermentor, an online mentoring program for girls in grades 6 to 12 in Alberta, Canada along with being a systems engineer for space robots at MDA Space. Image Courtesy of @nmpanek on Instagram. Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

The inspiration for the novel Contact and its subsequent film, Dr. Jill Tarter has spent over 35 years searching the vast universe for evidence of extra-terrestrial intelligence. Image: Victor R. Ruiz (CC BY 2.0). Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms

Dr. Fabiola Gianotti has been a leader at CERN since the 1990's, and is serving as their Director-General until 2025. Image: ATLAS Experiment at CERN (CC BY-SA 4.0). Sources and additional reading are available at https://introductionsnecessary.com Join us on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ninehourfilms